“Watching someone else use your computer is like watching a drunk orangutan solve a Rubix cube.

- Matthew Inman, The Three Phases of Owning a Computer

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What I ended up using was plain old subtitles, plus the handyman’s secret weapon, mplayer/mencoder.

Here’s what I did. I fired up the video in VLC and found the points where I wanted to put my subtitle help text. Subtitle files are usually pretty straight forward. I chose the .srt format, which is plain text. You can edit by hand, or you can use a tool, I used the aptly named subtitleeditor. Which, by the way, barfed on my video file.

Here’s a snippet of the resulting .srt file:

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00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:13,000
Welcome to the product gallery walk through.
 
2
00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:23,000
Adding a product: Select image.
 
3
00:00:23,000 --> 00:00:32,000
Insert title and description.

Next I needed to turn those “soft” subs into “hard” ones. This is where mplayer/mencoder come in. To add soft subs to a video in mplayer, you use the -sub option. Running this in mplayer first is a good way to see how it will look at tweak it according to the many options you have. I went with the defaults, it looks pretty good that way.

Lastly, I needed a good mencoder recipe to pull it all together. After lots of searching I found a great MPEG4 one here.

It’s a two pass system, and the crucial piece is in calculating the bitrate:

bitrate = 50 * 25 * width_of_video * height_of_video / 256

My bitrate was 2540600. After you get that, you just plug it into the two passes below. This includes my subtitle options.

mencoder -o /dev/null -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4v2:vpass=1:vbitrate=2540600:mbd=2:keyint=132:vqblur=1.0:cmp=2:subcmp=2:dia=2:mv0:last_pred=3 -nosound -sub MySubTitles.srt -subfont-text-scale 3 RawScreenCast.avi
mencoder -o FinishedScreenCast.avi -ovc lavc -lavcopts vcodec=msmpeg4v2:vpass=2:vbitrate=2540600:mbd=2:keyint=132:vqblur=1.0:cmp=2:subcmp=2:dia=2:mv0:last_pred=3 -nosound -sub MySubTitles.srt -subfont-text-scale 3 RawScreenCast.avi

It takes a while but not too long. When all was said and done I had a perfect hard-subbed version and it shrank my file size from ~550MB to 7.6MB. That is a great encoding recipe.

An average frame, with hard subs.

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1. any2mp3
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3. Command Line Package Installation in OpenSuSE

calc(){ awk "BEGIN{ print $* }" ;}

Just drop it into your .bashrc, .alias, or whatever else you use.

jmhobbs@asuka:~$ calc 9*100+14/10
901.4
jmhobbs@asuka:~$

Great solution using existing tools, props to TinyHacker.com for this one.

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Something I’ve noticed recently is that SVN now stores my passwords in gnome-keyring. This appears to be a feature in version 1.6 and I am running 1.6.5. It seems from that article that it can also use KDE’s Wallet system.

However, I do not use Gnome, and I don’t like KDE wallet. Plus, sometimes it seemed that gnome-keyring would stick on me during a transaction. The only way to fix it was to run another transaction (svn update usually) in another shell.

I finally got sick of it today and Google’d around. Here is the fix I found, edit ~/.subversion/config and add one key.

[auth]
password-stores =

Easy enough, and once I did everything was a-okay. Hope this helps someone else!

jmhobbs@katya:/var/www/experimental/source$ svn commit -m "SOME MESSAGE"
Password for 'default' GNOME keyring:
Sending        SOME FILE
Transmitting file data ...
Committed revision 448.
jmhobbs@katya:/var/www/experimental/source$ vim /home/jmhobbs/.subversion/config
jmhobbs@katya:/var/www/experimental/source$ svn update
Authentication realm: <http://svn.REDACTED.com:80> Private SVN
Password for 'jmhobbs':
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
ATTENTION!  Your password for authentication realm:
 
   <http://svn.REDACTED.com:80> Private SVN
 
can only be stored to disk unencrypted!  You are advised to configure
your system so that Subversion can store passwords encrypted, if
possible.  See the documentation for details.
 
You can avoid future appearances of this warning by setting the value
of the 'store-plaintext-passwords' option to either 'yes' or 'no' in
'/home/jmhobbs/.subversion/servers'.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Store password unencrypted (yes/no)? yes
At revision 448.
jmhobbs@katya:/var/www/experimental/source$

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2. Javascript Password Generator
3. Awesome C Program

Update (2010-06-14)
Thanks to Glenn Turnbull I’ve fixed a bug where the last contact sheet would not be created when the number of photos is evenly divisible by the contact sheet size.

Additionally, this script and others will now be kept updated at http://github.com/jmhobbs/helper-scripts

Wow, long time no post. Darcy and I got a digital camera about a week ago, a Nikon D90. We haven’t really had a chance to put it through it’s paces, but we’ve taken a few pictures around the house to play with it.

At about 3mb each (JPEG’s) the images are really slow to preview in Konqueror. I decided it would be better to be able to download all the photos from the card, then run a script to make my thumbnails. That way I wouldn’t have to wait around while I was viewing photos, instead I could just wait once at the beginning of the process.

My resulting script may have some holes, but it works well for me on Sidux. It takes all of the images in the current directory and makes 600×600 base thumbnails into a directory called “thumb” then uses those to make 12 image contact sheets into a directory called “contact”.

Your results will vary, but I ran it with three different scaling types (resize, scale, sample). I’m fine with the output from the fastest one (sample) but you can do as you please. I didn’t add command line options because I wanted to have consistent sizes and qualities every time I use it.

Side By Side Resize Method Comparison Click For Fullsize

Sample Contact Sheet Click For Full Size

It keeps you updated so you know it hasn’t stalled, here is a sample run.

jmhobbs@asuka:~/Desktop/D90/dcim/example$ digiCamProc.sh
Processing 16 Images
 
Creating Thumbnails
100%
 
Creating Contact Sheets
1 of 2
2 of 2
jmhobbs@asuka:~/Desktop/D90/dcim/example$

And here it is. Feel free to comment your changes!

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#!/bin/bash
 
# Digital camera thumbnail/contact sheet tool.
# http://www.velvetcache.org/2009/03/30/imagemagick-thumbnails-and-contact-sheets
# http://github.com/jmhobbs/helper-scripts
#
# Copyright (c) 2009-2010 John Hobbs
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
# obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
# files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
# restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
# copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
# Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
# conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
# OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
# HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
# WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
# OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
# CHANGELOG
# 2010-06-14 - Fixed contact sheet problem, thanks to Glenn Turnbull. (John Hobbs)
# 2009-03-30 - Created script. (John Hobbs)
 
### SETTINGS ###
 
# Scaling Methods:
# resize (Best/Slow)
# scale (Middle/Middle)
# sample (Worst/Fast)
METHOD="sample"
 
# Thumbnail Size
THUMBSIZE="600x600"
# Thumbnail Directory
THUMBDIR="thumb"
# Thumbnail Quality
THUMBQUALITY="80"
 
# Contact Item Size
CONTACTSIZE="200x200"
# Contact Sheet Max Width
CONTACTWIDTH="3"
# Contact Sheet Max Height
CONTACTHEIGHT="4"
# Horizontal Spacing
CONTACTSPACINGH="3"
# Vertical Spacing
CONTACTSPACINGV="3"
# Contact Sheet Directory
CONTACTDIR="contact"
# Contact Sheet Quality
CONTACTQUALITY="100"
 
################
 
 
CONTACTCOUNT=$(($CONTACTWIDTH * $CONTACTHEIGHT))
PIX=$(ls -l *.jpg | wc -l)
 
echo "Processing $PIX Images"
echo
echo "Creating Thumbnails"
 
mkdir -p $THUMBDIR
CTR=0
echo -n "0%"
for i in *.jpg; do
    echo -ne "\r"
    echo -n "$((100 * $CTR / $PIX))%"
    convert -strip -quality ${THUMBQUALITY} -${METHOD} ${THUMBSIZE} "$i" "${THUMBDIR}/${i}"
    CTR=$(($CTR + 1))
done
 
echo -ne "\r"
echo "100%"
 
echo
echo "Creating Contact Sheets"
 
mkdir -p $CONTACTDIR
CTR=0
PAGES=$(($PIX / $CONTACTCOUNT))
if [ $(($PIX % $CONTACTCOUNT)) -ne 0 ]; then
    PAGES=$(($PAGES + 1))
fi
 
PAGE=1
LIST=""
for i in ${THUMBDIR}/*.jpg; do
    if [ $(($CTR % $CONTACTCOUNT)) -eq 0 ] && [ $CTR -ne 0 ]; then
        echo "$PAGE of $PAGES"
        montage -label %f -quality $CONTACTQUALITY -frame 5 -tile ${CONTACTWIDTH}x${CONTACTHEIGHT} -geometry ${CONTACTSIZE}+${CONTACTSPACINGH}+${CONTACTSPACINGV} $LIST jpg:- > ${CONTACTDIR}/${PAGE}.jpg
        LIST=""
        PAGE=$(($PAGE + 1))
    fi
    LIST="$LIST $i"
    CTR=$(($CTR + 1))
done
 
if [ "" != "$LIST" ]; then
    echo "$PAGE of $PAGES"
    montage -label %f -quality $CONTACTQUALITY -frame 5 -tile ${CONTACTWIDTH}x${CONTACTHEIGHT} -geometry ${CONTACTSIZE}+${CONTACTSPACINGH}+${CONTACTSPACINGV} $LIST jpg:- > ${CONTACTDIR}/${PAGE}.jpg
fi

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I got fed up with waiting for Gmail, so I just got them through the old fashioned means.

Here’s how…

Attachment is stuck…

View the original message…

What that looks like (click image for bigger view)

Find the base64 encoded contents of your attachment (click image for bigger view)

Then you just copy and paste that into a file and run it through base64, a la $ base64 -d getImage.raw > getImage.php

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This post is not aimed at the novice Linux user. I’m not going to hold your hand, so be comfortable with the command line and competent enough to get your system back if you screw up along the way. Also, do not skip the backup step! Finally, this is (obviously) not a wholly original and independent work, I owe a great deal to the sources I’ve listed at the bottom. Enjoy!

The Context
I run Linux on my laptop and I want to encrypt the important parts of my hard drive because there is a lot of my personal life on there. Most specifically I’m interested in my passwords, many of which I store in firefox Iceweasel for convenience, and my financial data which is in the form of KMyMoney files and pdf receipts.

Here’s the layout of my disk, and yes I know I have outrageous sizes on some of these partitions, I just like to have breathing room. Please see ^[1] for a good guide to partitioning.

What we need to encrypt on there are: /home, /tmp, /data and /swap. I’ll be treating the /windows and the /winshare as dirty and never let anything important touch those partitions, I rarely boot into XP for anything but school work anyway.

The Tools
You’ll need a very few pieces of software, and possibly a piece of hardware. For the software side you just need “cryptsetup” and possibly a partitioning tool if you want to change your layout. You’ll also be needing some spare hard drive space to hold your existing data if you have any. I used an 80 GB external drive I had on hand.

Backup
I’m using an existing system as my base, so I have to copy off my /home and /data partitions. Once we are backed up, it’s important to write down somewhere the /dev names of the file system. I made a little table, like the one above, by using gparted.

Unmounting
Now I’m going to go down to run level 3. This is just to minimize noise on the system. We need to unmount /home, /data and /tmp. When unmounting file systems, you might get something like the following error:

root@asuka:/home/jmhobbs# umount /tmp
umount: /tmp: device is busy
umount: /tmp: device is busy
root@asuka:/home/jmhobbs#

This just tells us there is an open file descriptor on /tmp, we can see who has it with:

root@asuka:/home/jmhobbs# lsof | grep /tmp
COMMAND    PID    USER   FD   TYPE     DEVICE SIZE   NODE NAME
atievents 3037    root    4r   DIR      254,2 4096  29249 /tmp/.X11-unix
kdeinit   5418 jmhobbs    8u  unix 0xf31fc000       11568 /tmp/ksocket-jmhobbs/kdeinit-
gconfd-2  6127 jmhobbs   11wW  REG      254,2  625 102371 /tmp/gconfd-jmhobbs/lock/0t1201112611ut204480u1000p6127r1358695165k3219666472 (deleted)
konqueror 6627 jmhobbs   12u   REG      254,2 1270  58498 /tmp/kde-jmhobbs/konqueror-crash-y2tzca.log
root@asuka:/home/jmhobbs#

Now in the above example it is obvious that I did not go down to run level 3, X11 and kde are still running. So just weed out the open files and then unmount them when there are none left.

Encrypting
This is where that /dev table you made earlier (you did make it right?) comes in handy. Be sure that you are backed up, because this is the point of no return. Setting up an encrypted partition is dead simple. As root you’ll want to run:

cryptsetup --verbose --verify-passphrase luksFormat /dev/sda9

Where /dev/sda9 is your /home partition. I encourage you to go read the man pages for cryptsetup ^[2]. I just went with the values on a post I found ^[3].

Now we need to open and format that, so we use cryptsetup to open it:

cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sda9 chome

This is going to create a mapper device called “chome” in /dev/mapper/chome. You don’t need to call it chome, I just do it to keep track of whats what.

Now to format it we need to do:

mkfs.ext3 -j -m 1 -O dir_index,filetype,sparse_super /dev/mapper/chome

The file system really doesn’t matter, you can use ext2, reiserfs, whatever your heart desires. Once you’ve done that, you’ll want to close it again.

cryptsetup luksClose chome

We need to repeat that process for /data, but since it’s essentially the same procedure I’m not going to run through it here.

The /tmp partition is a different story. You’ve got an existing file system on there that we need to blow away. The first way that came into my head was to use dd to copy zeros over it, like so:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda7

That’ll probably take a while and not report in. You can force it to give you a status by stopping it, sending it a USR1 signal then restarting it. Not really a big deal though, I just waited it out.

It also might be wise to increase the block size on that, and you might not have to do the whole thing either. Again, refer to the man pages ^[4] if it concerns you.

Set Up crypttab And fstab
We now need to update our fstab and the crypt equivalent, crypttab. This is going to vary for everyone, but there are a few key things to note. Let’s look at crypttab first. Here’s mine, and I’ll walk you through it.

# <target name> <source device>         <key file>      <options>
chome   /dev/sda9                       none luks
cdata    /dev/                               none luks
cswap   /dev/sda6       /dev/random     swap
ctmp    /dev/sda7       /dev/random     tmp

So the major things here are the target, which is what the device will be called in /dev/mapper. I picked the easy to associate: chome,cdata, cswap, and ctmp. Next is the source device, which are the partitions we messed with earlier. The key file is set to /dev/random on cswap and ctmp because those are going to be one time file systems, and the key should just be random garbage.

Finally we get to options. chome and cdata have “none” in there. This is just saying “prompt us for the password”. You could put the password in there and it would happily take care of it for you, but that seems like a stupid thing to do to me. The “luks” just tells it to use the luks extensions. cswap and ctmp both use special options. The swap and tmp options basically say “reformat this then encrypt it”. They are reformatted on boot to linux-swap and ext2 file systems, respectively. For more information check out the, you guessed it, man page ^[5].

Now that we’ve got the crypttab set up we need to modify out fstab. Again, I’ll show you the relevant parts of mine, and walk you through. It’s pretty simple though.

# /etc/fstab - static information about the filesystems - fstab(5)
# <filesystem>  <mountpoint>    <type>          <options>       <dump>  <pass>
 
# automatically added, WDC_WD2500BEVS-0-WD-WXC607403544-part2, /dev/sda2
UUID=60a14eae-a8c7-4ecb-a222-79a0e97fd73e       /       ext3    defaults,noatime,errors=remount-ro      0       1
 
# automatically added, WDC_WD2500BEVS-0-WD-WXC607403544-part7, /dev/sda7
#UUID=0da43c8e-2a64-4f45-b967-91504b4aa167      /tmp    ext3    defaults,noatime        0       2
/dev/mapper/ctmp                                /tmp    ext2    defaults,noatime        0       0
 
# automatically added, WDC_WD2500BEVS-0-WD-WXC607403544-part9, /dev/sda9
#UUID=3ee7225e-f04a-4d96-b28d-e867ed38a73c      /home   ext3    defaults,noatime        0       2
/dev/mapper/chome                               /home   ext3    defaults,noatime        0       2
 
# automatically added, WDC_WD2500BEVS-0-WD-WXC607403544-part4, /dev/sda4, LABEL=\x2fdata
#UUID=e3e9105b-1820-4edc-a660-7d569bc61900       /data   ext3    auto,users,exec,noatime 0       2
/dev/mapper/cdata                               /data   ext3    defaults,noatime        0       2
 
# automatically added, WDC_WD2500BEVS-0-WD-WXC607403544-part6, /dev/sda6
#UUID=21ac314b-704b-4675-bf5e-769745b46f7a      none    swap    sw      0       0
/dev/mapper/cswap                               none    swap    sw      0       0

Okay, so, the basic idea is that we find the old /tmp, /home, /data and swap entries, and replace them with the mapped ones. One important item here is that you’ll want to set that last digit to a 0 on /tmp. This is what says “Hey, fsck me!” at boot time, and we don’t want to bother with a checking a brand new file system, right?

cryptdisks And cryptdisks-early
These two are the init scripts for starting up your disks. They should be in /etc/init.d, which on my system just lead to /lib/cryptsetup/cryptdisks.functions. I tried using bum to add them, but I wasn’t getting them to run before the mounting took place. I poked around on the sidux forums and found a post ^[6] (in German) that had another way of adding them. I don’t know if this is a Debian issue or not, but the following worked for me, as root.

update-rc.d -f cryptdisks-early remove
update-rc.d -f cryptdisks remove
update-rc.d cryptdisks-early start 26 S . start 59 0 6 .
update-rc.d cryptdisks start 28 S . start 48 0 6 .

Reboot
Now you should be able to just reboot and be good to go. I’m not 100% on this guide as I made it after the fact, so I may have spaced off some small things. If I did, they should be very, very minor and shouldn’t cause any problems. Please do leave comments if you have an issue, I’d like to correct any errors I may have made. There are some additional sources below, please read up if you have the time. Good luck!

Sources

1. Linux Tips – Disk Partitioning
2. cryptsetup(8)
3. HowTo: Setup and Benchmark Encrypted Partitions in Ubuntu
4. dd(1)
5. crypttab(5)
6. Startskript “cryptdisks-early” wird zu spät ausgef
7. Protect Your Stuff With Encrypted Linux Partitions – (And Part 2)

1. Linux And Western Digital
2. Submitting Assignments In Blackboard With Linux
3. DigiPro Tablet And Linux

First thing first, I think that the OpenSuSE package system is a pig. Yast is a pig. Zypper is a pig. I did, however, find the fastest route to installing via the command line, which I’ll share here.

Unless you happen to know the exact name of the package you want to install, you’ll need to look it up. The fastest way I’ve found is using Webpin, a nice online package searcher. Be careful that you are reading from the right repo though. For example, a search on “magick++” returns many packages, including “libMagick++-devel (6.3.5.10)” which, to my Debian eye, looks like the perfect package. It is from an odd repo though, “Results from http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/dipe/openSUSE_10.2″ and the one I really want, and have access to mind you, is “ImageMagick-Magick++-devel (6.3.0.0)” which is in the main repo “Results from http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/10.2/repo/oss/suse”. It’s already too complicated, but we soldier on.

With my new, exact, package name in hand, I open up a root command line. The syntax for a zypper install is zypper install [package name] so I do zypper install ImageMagick-Magick++-devel and let it rip. After a ridiculous amount of parsing, it figures out the dependencies and asks me to continue, which I do. You have to babysit it for key managing, I havent figured out how to force “yes” on it. And that is how you use zypper to install on OpenSuSE.

root:~$ zypper install ImageMagick-Magick++-devel
 
Restoring system sources...
 
Parsing metadata for 20070918-142944...
 
Parsing metadata for 20070927-100843...
 
Parsing metadata for 20070927-100709...
 
Parsing metadata for 20070918-055437...
 
Parsing metadata for SUSE-Linux-10.2-Updates...
 
Parsing RPM database...
 
Summary:
 
<install>   [S3:0][package]libxml2-devel-2.6.26-27.pm.1.i586
 
<install>   [S4:1][package]liblcms-devel-1.15-30.i586
 
<install>   [S4:1][package]libwmf-gnome-0.2.8.4-24.i586
 
<install>   [S4:1][package]libwmf-devel-0.2.8.4-24.i586
 
<install>   [S4:1][package]readline-devel-5.1-55.i586
 
<install>   [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-Magick++-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586
 
<install>   [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586
 
Continue? [y/n] y
 
Downloading: [S4:1][package]liblcms-devel-1.15-30.i586, 141.5 K(490.1 K unpacked)
 
Installing: [S4:1][package]liblcms-devel-1.15-30.i586
 
Downloading: [S4:1][package]libwmf-gnome-0.2.8.4-24.i586, 7.7 K(9.6 K unpacked)
 
Installing: [S4:1][package]libwmf-gnome-0.2.8.4-24.i586
 
Downloading: [S4:1][package]readline-devel-5.1-55.i586, 137.2 K(376.7 K unpacked)
 
Installing: [S4:1][package]readline-devel-5.1-55.i586
 
Downloading: [S4:1][package]libwmf-devel-0.2.8.4-24.i586, 414.1 K(2.7 M unpacked)
 
Installing: [S4:1][package]libwmf-devel-0.2.8.4-24.i586
 
Downloading: [S3:0][package]libxml2-devel-2.6.26-27.pm.1.i586, 2.5 M(11.6 M unpacked)
 
Installing: [S3:0][package]libxml2-devel-2.6.26-27.pm.1.i586
 
Downloading: [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586, 1.5 M(5.6 M unpacked)
 
Installing: [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586
 
Downloading: [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-Magick++-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586, 193.2 K(939.8 K unpacked)
 
Installing: [S5:0][package]ImageMagick-Magick++-devel-6.3.0.0-27.6.i586
 
root:~$

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1. Bash Line For Constant Monitoring
2. Peguin Swap
3. MySQL & Ruby on Debian (sidux)

(Highlight this line for answer) ‘Hiss-SH’ (say it out loud if you don’t get it)

No related posts.

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#!/bin/bash
#
# m4a2mp3
#
for i in *.m4a; do
  mplayer -vc null -vo null -ao pcm:fast "$i" -ao pcm:file="${i%.m4a}.wav"
done
for i in *.wav; do
  lame -h -V2 --vbr-new "$i" "$(i%.wav}.mp3"
done
 
rm *.wav

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